Biliary Tract Cancer

First results of the multicohort phase 2 LEAP-005 study suggest that lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab combination immunotherapy has promising antitumor activity in patients with biliary tract cancer.

Assessment of global epidemiologic trends in incidence of biliary tract cancers (BTCs) showed higher BTC incidence in Asian versus Western countries as well as intraregional variations within countries, which is consistent with previous reports.

Retrospective analysis data suggest that second-line chemotherapy of capecitabine and cisplatin combination therapy was associated with modest efficacy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.

Results of a phase 2 study indicate that mFOLFIRI was not superior to mFOLFOX in the second-line treatment of patients with biliary tract cancer.

Preliminary data suggest that dual blockade with ipilimumab and nivolumab might have antitumor activity in a subset of patients with microsatellite-stable biliary tract cancer.

Phase 2 study results suggest that the addition of nivolumab and ipilimumab to chemotherapy as first-line therapy did not provide additional PFS benefit compared to standard-of-care chemotherapy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.

The combinations of nivolumab with gemcitabine/cisplatin or nivolumab with ipilimumab were tested in patients with untreated advanced biliary tract cancer.

The response rate to the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer compared favorably to clinical trials investigating single-agent anti–PD-1 therapy.

Durvalumab ± tremelimumab plus chemotherapy was well-tolerated and showed promising efficacy in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.